Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Commentary for Avodah Zarah 71:10

ור' יהודה הנשיא היכי מצי למישרא תקנתא דתלמידי שמאי והלל והתנן אין בית דין יכול לבטל דברי בית דין חבירו אלא אם כן גדול הימנו בחכמה ובמנין ועוד הא אמר רבה בר בר חנה אמר ר' יוחנן בכל יכול לבטל בית דין דברי בית דין חבירו חוץ משמונה עשר דבר שאפילו יבא אליהו ובית דינו אין שומעין לו

How then was it possible for R. Yehudah Hanasi to permit [what was forbidden by] the decree of the disciples of Shammai and Hillel. For haven’t we learned: A Court is not allowed to annul the decisions of another Court, unless it is superior to it in wisdom and numerical strength! Furthermore, Rabbah b. Bar Hanah has said in the name of R. Yohanan: In all matters a Court can annul the decisions of another Court except the eighteen things, for even were Elijah and his Court to come [and declare them permitted] we would not listen to him!

Daf Shevui to Avodah Zarah

As we learned above, R. Yehudah Hanasi (the grandson of the rabbi who edited the Mishnah) undid the decree on Gentile oil. But how could he do this? Surely, a later court cannot annul the decrees of the earlier court, and all the more so if the earlier decree was one of the 18 things that were decreed upon by Bet Hillel and Bet Shammai!
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